This process is known as radioactivity, the unstable atom is said to be a radioactive atom, and the energy that’s released is radiation.Isotopes are forms of elements that have a different number of neutrons.Ītoms seek to be stable so, to get to a more stable state, the atom expels energy from the nucleus in the form of a particle or ray. But some atoms have an unstable combination blend of protons and neutrons. Most atoms are stable, meaning they have a good balance of neutrons and protons. If you were able to add another proton to the carbon nucleus, you wouldn’t have a carbon atom anymore: you’d have a nitrogen atom instead. For example, a carbon atom has six protons.The number of protons in the nucleus determines the identity of the atom (chemical element).Their structure determines their elemental and chemical properties.Ītoms are composed of a nucleus, containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by a cloud of electrons. Radioactive atoms, just like any other form of matter, can be gas, liquid, or solid.Ītoms are the building blocks of matter. Ionizing radiation comes from radioactive atoms, many of which occur naturally in the environment.
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